Freezing Summer Produce

Many people, including me, enjoy freezing produce at it’s peak quality to use throughout the Winter months. In order to keep the highest quality for the longest period of time there are a few things to keep in mind.

First is to make sure your freezer is set at 0 degrees F. Warmer temperatures will keep food frozen and stop the growth of microorganisms but quality will be lost more quickly resulting in a shorter retention time.

The second thing to keep in mind is to blanch foods when recommended. Blanching inactivates enzymes. Always blanch for the appropriate time and make sure blanched foods are cooled down completely before putting them in freezer containers or bags. Do not allow moisture to form on the lid or sides of a package from hot steam. This will help promote quick freezing once inside the freezer.

Fast freezing is the third thing to keep in mind when freezing foods. The faster water in food gets frozen, the more protective for quality. It is helpful to use small package sizes and spread the packages out in the freezer until the food is frozen. If you know you are going to be freezing a large quantity of food at one time you may want to turn your freezer temperature down a couple days ahead of time. Fast freezing will help preserve your food’s quality and promote energy efficiency as well.

Freezing food is a quick way to preserve the nutrients, color, and taste in your Summer produce.

 

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Kiwi Berries

When I was in the grocery store recently I ran across kiwi berries in the produce section. I had not seen them before and was interested in finding out more about them. They are at their peak in the Fall, mostly September and October.

Kiwi berries are grape-sized with a flavor similar to grocery store kiwifruit though somewhat sweeter. The berries have a thin, smooth skin that is edible and typically they are emerald green in color. The shape can vary from round to elongate. They are higher in vitamin C than oranges and provide other antioxidants, fiber, and essential minerals.

Kiwi berries are grown in areas of the United States with cooler climates. They are the kind of fruit that can withstand very cold temperatures. Once you get them home, you should store kiwi berries in the refrigerator.

I think they would be a nice addition to a lunchbox, salad, or anytime as a snack.

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Ice Cream!

July was National Ice Cream Month, August 8th was National Frozen Custard Day and August 19th National Soft Ice Cream Day! It seems there are more and more choices in the frozen dessert aisle these days which got me wondering what the difference is among the different types of frozen desserts. U.S. law classifies ice creams by their percentage of milk fat content. By that federal law, ice cream must contain at least 10% milkfat. It is made with more cream than milk so because of the higher fat content, up to 50% of the volume of the ice cream consists of air that has been churned into it. As you know, it is much easier to whip air into cream than into milk.

Super Premium ice cream, as you might expect, has the most fat – between 14% and 18%. If it is the French style of ice cream, it is a cooked custard made with egg yolks. Frozen custard or French ice cream must have  at least 1.4% egg yolk solids. Frozen custard is significantly richer than ice creams made without eggs.

Premium ice cream has between 11% and 15% fat.

Regular ice cream is much less dense than Super Premium or Premium ice cream. It has between 10% and 11% fat and a lot more air. This is the type of ice cream made by large manufacturers usually in the basic flavors.

Economy ice cream contains exactly 10% fat, which again is the minimum USDA standard. Anything with less than 10% fat cannot be considered ice cream without being labeled “light”.

Soft serve is molecularly similar to regular ice cream but is served at a higher temperature that allows it to be extruded into a soft swirl and gives it a lighter, softer texture. Soft serve has a lower fat content and interestingly enough, its warmer temperature actually allows your taste buds to taste the ice cream better!

You will also find sorbet, sherbet and gelato in the frozen dessert aisle. Sorbet is made from water and fruit puree or juice. It contains no milk, cream or eggs.

Sherbet is not quite ice cream and not quite sorbet. It is made with fruit and water but also has the addition of dairy. It has a slightly creamier texture than sorbet. By law, sherbet must have less than 2% fat.

Gelato is made with regular milk. It may seem to have a richer texture than ice cream but it’s dense texture from not being able to churn as much air into it compared to ice cream is what creates a richer mouth feel. Because gelato has less fat than ice cream, the flavors of gelato are typically stronger. Gelato is typically made with natural ingredients where ice cream often is made with a combination of artificial flavorings and natural fruit.

Summer is my favorite season and part of it has to do with my enjoyment of frozen desserts! I hope you are enjoying some this Summer as well!

 

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Air Fryers

My sister-in-law is interested in purchasing an air fryer. It is a new concept to me so I decided to do some research on it for both she and I. The basic premise is you can fry foods in air rather than oil. I think we would all agree that if we could enjoy our favorite fried foods without all the extra fat calories from the oil we would be very interested in doing that!

Hot air frying machines work by circulating extremely hot air around food using a mechanical fan that cooks the food and produces a crispy layer on the outside while keeping the inside moist. This would be similar to the way convection cooking is done. The only oil needed is what is brushed on the food before air frying. They do caution to not overload the air fryer as the food wouldn’t cook properly and could even lead to unsafe foods by staying at bacteria-friendly temperatures for too long. So cooking in smaller batches would be a necessity.

If purchasing an air fryer you would want to consider several things like the amount of counter space the appliance will take up, the wattage required to run the appliance, the capacity and what settings are available. On the plus side, it seems an air fryer would be a lot safer as there would be no pots of boiling oil around. It would also be less work in the beginning, there would be no oil to dispose of, no lingering smell in the house, and you would not feel as heavy full after eating. On the minus side, you cannot replicate the texture or flavor of foods that were traditionally deep fat fried and the actual cooking time is significantly longer. Plus air fryers are a bit pricey.

The jury is still out for me to consider purchasing an air fryer but the concept is an interesting one!

 

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Safely canning green beans

Green beans are a popular home-grown garden vegetable and are really producing right now. They produce so well we often end up with more than we can eat or share. Many people turn to canning the green beans to enjoy at a later date. Just like with any other home-canned food, it is important to ALWAYS use tested recipes/recommendations and proper procedures.

We have recently received calls from people still wanting to can their green beans in a boiling water bath. Green beans MUST be pressure canned. They are a low-acid food and require the higher temperature to destroy any botulism that may be present.

Botulism is a potentially deadly food poisoning. The Clostridium Botulinum spores that are common in soil can be heat activated and then turn into cells. Those growing cells can create a toxin leading to botulism in oxygen-free canned foods.

Just this week I had a caller say they understood all that but wondered if anyone had actually gotten sick or died from botulism. The answer is yes. The National Center for Home Food Preservation references a case of a nurse in her 30s and her two young children that were sickened by botulism in home-canned green beans. The mother had to be placed on a ventilator. Early signs of foodborne botulism, according to Mayo Clinic, include dry mouth, facial weakness on both sides of face, blurred or double vision, drooping eyelids, trouble breathing, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps, progressive difficulty in speaking and swallowing, and paralysis. Signs and symptoms typically begin between 12 and 36 hours after the toxin gets into the body. But the start of symptoms can range from a few hours to several days depending on the amount of toxin ingested. It is indeed serious. Please do not put your health at risk by under-processing your green beans.

Tested recipe sites include the National Center for Home Food Preservation, Preserve the Taste of SummerSo Easy to Preserve from the University of Georgia, the USDA Complete Guide to Home Canning, and the Ball books with a copyright of 2009 or later. I have included a link to the National Center for home Food Preservation’s site for safely canning green beans: http://nchfp.uga.edu/how/can_04/beans_snap_italian.html

We so enjoy and appreciate all our callers and want you to all be safe this canning season!

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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How to pack your cooler

Summertime often means picnic, beach, and car trip time for us! We often take a cooler with us in the car for snacks and beverages. It is important to keep foods cold and that is best achieved with a full cooler. If your cooler is not full you may want to consider adding extra ice cubes to fill it up. If your cooler doesn’t have a thick well-insulated lid you may also want to consider packing a thick towel on top of everything under the lid. If you can chill your cooler ahead of time that will help keep cold foods cold longer. If you do not have time to chill it, room temperature is more helpful than packing a warm cooler you have just retrieved from your garage or attic.
Place your food and drinks, which should be in leak-proof resealable containers or plastic bags in the bottom of the cooler first then put the ice on top. You should plan on about 1/2 pound of ice for every quart your cooler holds. Foods and drinks should be packed pre-chilled.
As the ice melts you may be tempted to drain the water out of the cooler but there is no need to do that as the cold water will also help keep the contents of the cooler chilled.
Summer is my favorite season and I am looking forward to packing up a cooler and heading out many days!

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Tips for Summer Grilling

We were lucky enough to be gifted a new gas grill last Summer. We are thoroughly enjoying it and with all the warm weather we have been having lately it is especially nice to use it and not have to heat up the kitchen. With several months of grilling ahead of all of us, I thought it was a good time to re-visit some grilling tips for safety.

First of all, do not wash your meat as that can cause bacteria to spread in your sink, but do wash your hands. As you are handling raw meat you will want to wash your hands frequently. You will also want to use different cutting boards and utensils for raw meat and cooked meat/vegetables. Never place cooked meat/vegetables back on a cutting board or plate that has had raw meat on it.

Start with a clean grill and if you are using a brush to clean it make sure the bristles are firmly attached to the brush and not coming off onto your grill for you to somehow ingest. Preheat the grill and avoid putting cold food directly on the grill. Let the food come closer to room temperature by setting it out on the counter for about 30 minutes before putting it on the grill.

If you are a fan of grilling but want to take it up a notch, consider investing in a gmg grill. A gmg grill, short for Green Mountain Grill, is a type of pellet grill that uses wood pellets as fuel to give your food a unique smoky flavor. Pellet grills like gmg grills offer precise temperature control and are often more versatile than traditional charcoal or gas grills, allowing you to smoke, grill, bake, and even roast your food all in one appliance. With a gmg grill, you can enjoy delicious grilled food with the convenience and precision of modern technology.

If you are thawing meat prior to grilling it, make sure you thaw it in the refrigerator. If your plans change, you can refreeze meat thawed in the refrigerator but meat thawed in the microwave or in cold water must be cooked immediately. If you are marinating, do that in the refrigerator as well. Pat whole cuts of meat dry before adding seasoning.  This will help the seasoning adhere to the meat. If you are grilling burgers, make an indentation into the center of the burger to prevent puffing during cooking.

Once you have put your meat on the grill, move it as little as possible. The meat will not stick to the grill if it is ready to be turned. Add any sauces or glazes the last few minutes of grilling, this keeps the glaze or sauce from burning due to the sugar content in the sauce or glaze, and allow for rest time appropriate to the cut of meat you are grilling. Rest time allows for juices to redistribute throughout the meat.

When purchasing meat for grilling, buy and use ground meats within one to two days. Larger cuts like steaks or chops should be cooked within four days of purchase.

It is best to use a meat thermometer to test for doneness when grilling meat. Ground beef, pork, veal and lamb should be cooked to an internal temperature of 160 degrees. Ground turkey and chicken need an internal temperature of 165 degrees. Ground meats do not require a rest time. Larger cuts of meat like beef, veal or lamb steaks, roasts, or chops should be cooked to an internal temperature of 145 degrees. They also need at least a three minute rest time depending on the size of the cut. Poultry requires an internal temperature of 165 degrees. Cook fresh pork or ham to 145 degrees then allow at least a three minute rest. Precooked ham should be heated to an internal temperature of 140 degrees.

Happy Summer and Happy Grilling!

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Popcorn

A favorite snack or Sunday night dinner at our house is popcorn. There are so many options on the market right now it is hard to know which ones to select for any health benefits. If you can pop your own in an air popper or on top of the stove you are going to reap the most health benefits. We use a microwave popper that you may or may not add any oil to before popping.

Popcorn is a whole grain and naturally has lots of fiber while being low in fat and low in calories. It is high in complex carbohydrates and gluten free. Popcorn is also a low glycemic food.

Popcorn offers many polyphenols found in plant foods which help rid the body of free radicals which damage cells and promote aging. Of all plant foods, popcorn has one of the highest concentrations of polyphenols, containing more polyphenols and antioxidents than most fruit.

If you are going to buy any of the pre-packaged popcorns available on the market, make sure to read the label carefully, pay attention to the serving size, and choose the most natural product you can without a lot of added ingredients and flavor additions. Consumer Reports recently did an article on the huge increase in demand for bagged popcorn if you are interested in seeing how these products lived up to their health claims.

Happy snacking!

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Alternative pastas

I was recently visiting my daughter and she took me to a big new Whole Foods near her. I knew Whole Foods named “alternative pasta” as one of the Top 10 Food Trends for 2017 so I was interested in what they had as I am interested in cutting back on carbs and boosting my plant protein intake. Most people are familiar with eggplant lasagna using slices of eggplant in place of regular wheat lasagna noodles but now there are so many more options available. I found many spiralized veggies at Whole Foods that I could substitute for spaghetti – beets, broccoli, butternut squash, sweet potato, parsnips, etc. Spiralized cucumbers were available for salads. I think many of those are worth experimenting with for an added low carb, low calorie nutrition boost.

I also found pastas made from legumes such as chick peas and lentils. These were even more interesting to me. While a typical 2-oz serving of traditional pasta and lentil pasta both contain similar amounts of carbs and calories, legume pastas are packed with plant protein. For example, black bean rotini, which is made by drying beans and grinding them into a flour-like consistency then combining with water and forming into pasta shapes, has 14 grams of protein and 15 grams of fiber.

Pastas made from quinoa and kelp were also available. I am excited to try some of these alternative pastas in the next few weeks! I will still enjoy the regular pastas just like I have for many years but this will hopefully add a few more options into meal preparation that might not seem so heavy for Summer.

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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Spatchcock

whole raw chicken isolated on white background

My sister just went to a cookbook class she belongs to and told me the demonstration that day was on Spatchcocking a chicken. That was a new term to me and thought it might be for some of you too. Basically it means to butterfly. You accomplish it by removing the backbone of a whole chicken then laying the chicken flat before roasting, grilling, or cooking in your cast iron skillet. The process makes for a chicken with a super crisp skin and moist meat in much less time than it takes to roast or grill a whole chicken without spatchcocking it.

It is quicker because it exposes more surface area to the heat. It should take about 15 minutes less time to cook through. Chicken has two different kinds of meat that cook through at two different temperatures. Breast meat starts to dry out at 150 degrees and dark leg meat isn’t thoroughly cooked until it reaches 165-170 degrees. By spatchcocking, both kinds of meat get done at the same time creating a juicier chicken. And since all of the skin is exposed evenly to the heat when spatchcocking, it all crisps up evenly.

So how do you spatchcock? Start by placing the chicken breast side down on your work surface. You can also do this in the pan you are going to cook the chicken in if you want. Starting at the tail end, cut along both sides of the backbone with sharp kitchen shears and remove the backbone. You can save the backbone to make your own chicken stock. Open the chicken up, turn it breast side down and push on it to flatten it. Cook at 400-450 degrees until your meat thermometer reaches 165 degrees when inserted into the thickest part of the leg meat.

I think it is an interesting process to try. Whole chickens are less expensive than buying cut-up chickens and this process should help get a flavorful dinner on the table more quickly!

 

Marcia Steed

I graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Home Economics Education. I enjoy spending time with my family and friends and traveling.

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