Category: Safety around the home

Test Well Water Annually for Safe Drinking Water

Marlene Geiger 3 Comments

One in seven Americans get their drinking water from private wells. While federal and state governments set legal limits for contaminants in public water systems, those laws don’t cover private wells. Rather, private well owners are responsible for the safety of their water. No federal or state requirements exist for well owners to test their water. However, private wells must be tested for possible harmful contaminants.

water from faucet filling glass

At a minimum, the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (DNR) recommends bacteria and nitrate testing be performed at least once per year. Nitrates pose a threat to infants and pregnant or nursing mothers, while the presence of bacteria indicates a pathway for disease-causing bacteria to enter the well. You may also want to have your well water tested if you notice any changes in color, taste, odor, hardness, corrosion, sediment, etc. Water can also be tested for naturally occurring contaminants like arsenic, fluoride, and radium. The Minnesota Department of Health recommends testing for coliform bacteria, nitrate, arsenic, lead, and manganese on a scheduled basis.

Iowa’s Private Well Grants Program (PWG) provides free water testing annually to all private well owners and users for the analysis of bacteria/coliform, E.coli/fecal coliform, and nitrates. Testing for arsenic, manganese, and PFAs is also available with this program but not on an annual basis. In addition to private well testing, the PWG program offers funding grants for private well related remedial services. Contact the County Health Department in your county or refer to the list of County Environmental Health Sanitarians supplied by the Iowa DNR. For more information on the program, see Private Well Testing. Minnesota also has help for private well owners through grants or loans. The grant programs may also assist with the cost of filling abandoned wells. Old wells pose a safety hazard and a hazard to groundwater contamination. Most state laws require old abandoned wells to be properly filled to eliminate any hazards.

Iowa residents can get more information from the Iowa DNR to learn how to sample and test well water. Minnesota residents can get more information from the Minnesota Department of Health. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has an all-states listing of contacts for certified laboratories for water testing.

You don’t know what’s in your water until you test. Get it on your calendar for testing annually or more often, if needed. In the meantime, be aware of potential sources of contamination near your well–livestock, septic tanks, fuel or chemical spills, or anything unusual about your well or the water from it.

Sources:

Updated 9/2024, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Staying on Top of Product Recalls

Marlene Geiger 2 Comments
RECALL Image

A RECALL occurs when a manufacturer takes a product off the market because there is reason to believe that it may cause harm to consumers. There are recalls for all kinds of consumer products—children’s toys, automobiles, appliances, clothing, furniture, electronics, food and more. Keeping up with all the recalls can be daunting.

Several governmental agencies are responsible for protecting consumers and issuing recalls.

The US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is responsible for protecting the public against unreasonable injuries and deaths associated with consumer products—everything from children’s toys to electronics and more. Recalls are posted on the CPSC website.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), a division of the Department of Transportation (DOT), handles all moving vehicle issues. A recall is issued when either the manufacturer or NHTSA determines that a vehicle or equipment creates an unreasonable safety risk or fails to meet appropriate standards. Check for recalls on the NHTSA website. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), also a division of the DOT, assesses the risks associated with aviation.

Two agencies, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), are responsible for food safety. The FDA is responsible for the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics while the USDA regulates beef, poultry, and processed egg products. Both issue food recalls when it is believed that a food item may cause consumers to become ill. Warnings are posted on their individual websites, but FoodSafety.gov is the go-to consumer website to learn about all food related recalls from both agencies. Bacterial contamination (listeria or salmonella), undeclared allergens, or foreign matter in the product are the most common reasons for food recall, removal from store shelves, and advising consumers to return or toss problematic food. Food Recalls & Alerts is an app that collects all FDA, USDA and pet food recalls and sends real-time alerts to your phone. The app is available at the Apple or Google Play stores.

Recalls from all of the different agencies can be found at Recalls.gov.

Recalls happen frequently, but it can be difficult to know when a recall affects your health or safety. For that reason, it is critical to know where to find recall information, take recalls seriously, and discontinue use of recalled products immediately, be it ice cream or tires.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Induction Cooking – What You Need to Know

Marlene Geiger 12 Comments

If you’re buying a new electric powered range or cooktop, you might be deciding between electric or induction. Induction cooking is currently one of the top choices. It has risen to popularity because of how fast food cooks through the induction method. While both use electricity to cook food and produce the same outcome, the way they get there is quite different. Both are great options, but it’s important to understand the differences between them and which will be the best fit for your cooking needs.

Pot of boiling water on an induction range top.
Pot of boiling water on an induction range top.

Standard electric cooking sends electric current to open coils or radiant burner elements below the glass or ceramic surface to transfer heat to cooking vessels (pots or pans)  and then to the food inside. This process is known as thermal conduction. It takes time for the burner to heat and transfer heat to the vessel as well as to cool down due to the residual heat that the burners hold; after reducing the temperature, burners take a few minutes to settle to a lower setting and remain hot after burners are turned off.

An induction cooktop or range looks similar to a glass-top electric counterpart but is powered by an electromagnetic field below the surface of the glass cooktop. Instead of passing heat along from surface to cookware to food, induction cooktops heat the cookware directly resulting in even cooking and less loss of energy. The magnetic field reacts with the cookware (which must contain ferrous iron) and transfers heat and energy directly into the cooking vessel. Only the pan, and what’s directly under it, on an induction range gets hot. The surface around it stays cool.  

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF INDUCTION COOKING?

  • Cooking is faster.  In general, an induction range or cooktop is 2-4 minutes faster than gas or electric at bringing 6 quarts of water to a boil.
  • Excellent temperature control. Allows for precise temperature adjustments and reduces the chance of burning food.  When you turn the burner off, heat transfer stops immediately, so there’s less of a chance of foods boiling over or overcooking.
  • Easy clean up. Spatters or spills outside of the pan will not bake onto the cooking surface.  There are no burners to take apart and reassemble.
  • More energy efficient. An induction model uses 10% less energy than a smooth-top electric range.
  • Safe.   There is no emission of gas into the air. Cloth objects will not catch on fire because no element is exposed and heat only transfers to items with iron particles in it. Induction units also turn off when the cookware is removed from the heating element so there’s little risk of accidentally leaving it on when cooking is done. Burners accidentally turned on will not get hot.  Fire hazards and risk of burns is reduced.

Electrical appliances such as an induction unit create Non-Ionizing or Low-Frequency EMF. According to the National Cancer Institute there are no current studies that have been able to provide a link that Non-Ionizing radiation causes any adverse health issues such as cancer. In fact the natural radiation emitted from the sun is far more harmful than induction unit could ever be.[1]

The American Heart Association has also deemed the low electromagnetic field safe for patients with pacemakers or medical implants.

  • Reduces kitchen heat and ventilation requirements.

WHAT ARE THE DISADVANTAGES OF INDUCTION COOKING?

  • Cost.  Induction surfaces are an investment since the technology is relatively new.  However, as induction becomes more mainstream, the cost is decreasing.
  • Require cookware containing ferrous iron.  Specifically, that means stainless steel, cast iron, and carbon steel. Pots and pans made from aluminum and copper aren’t compatible. Most confusing of all, some cookware uses a combination of materials in its construction, so its induction status isn’t always obvious. Look for pots and pans marked “induction safe” or “induction compatible.” An easy test to see if cookware is compatible is to see if a magnet strongly sticks to the bottom of the pan.  If a magnet sticks to the bottom, it can be used with induction. 
  • Caution – Cooktops can get hot.   Heat is transferred from the cooking vessel to the glass through conduction, much as a hot pan would transfer heat to a countertop if you set it down to rest.  The glass surface never gets as hot as it would on a traditional radiant electric range but one can never assume that it will be cool to the touch.
  • Unfamiliar sounds.  Some consumers report a buzz or hum on the higher settings resulting from the high energy transferring from the coil to the pan.  There is also the possibility of hearing the element clicking or the fan cooling the electronics. All are common and resolve by turning down the heat or adding food to the pot or pan,, Consumer Reports says that heavy, flat-bottomed pans help reduce the vibrations that cause the buzz.
  • Magnetic field can interfere with digital thermometers.  Consumer Reports suggests the need to resort to an analog thermometer—an old-fashioned solution to a modern problem.
  • Requires a learning curve. Induction cooking takes some getting used to.  Some nuances include: placing the right sized cookware in the center of the heating element in order for it to be properly activated; cookware must be flat-bottomed; the heating element may cut off prematurely or shut off without warning when the pan is shaken or moved; food may overcook until one learns that cookware doesn’t take long to preheat and a lower heat setting is needed to maintain the temperature of food.  Touch pad controls also take time to get used to.
  • Cooktops scratch easily.  Although induction cooktops are made of a durable glass-ceramic composite, they are more prone to scratching if scratchy pans are slid across the surface and even cracking if a heavy pot is set down too hard. Most manufacturers suggest using cookware with clean, smooth bottoms, and to avoid sliding pots and pans across the surface. Sharp tools or abrasive cleaning materials should not be used on the surface.
  • Repairs may be expensive after the warranty period. 
  • A 240V outlet is required.  An induction range or cooktop easily replaces an electric range or cooktop.   If the conversion is from gas, an electrician will need to install the proper wiring. 
  • Requires canners (pressure and water) specifically made for induction cooktops.  Both are available.

While induction cooking is one of the most efficient, safest and precise ways to prepare food, the question remains, is it for you?

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Keeping Your Clothes Dryer Safe

Marlene Geiger 3 Comments

Most people don’t think about their clothes dryer as being a potentially dangerous appliance in their home.  Unfortunately, dryers are the source of thousands of house fires each year as well as some household mold issues.   With just a little regular cleaning and maintenance, you can protect your family and home from these dangers.

Lint screen from a clothes dryer

It doesn’t matter if you have an electric or gas clothes dryer.  The problem is lint.  Lint builds up in the lint trap, inside the vent hose and duct work, and inside the vent.  Whenever this happens, there is a reduction in air flow resulting in reduced drying efficiency.  Lint is also responsible for causing humidity levels to increase around vents and duct work which in turn can cause mildew and mold to develop in walls and insulation.   And most importantly, lint is combustible and causes fires.  Failure to clean the dryer is the leading cause of home dryer fires.

Here’s some tips for keeping your dryer, duct work, and vent as lint free as possible.

  • Clean the lint trap after every load or at the very least, at the end of a laundry cycle.  If you use fabric softener sheets, check the screen for clogging as some sheets will emit enough residue that the screen becomes clouded and tacky.  Should the screen be clogged, submerge the lint screen in hot water, soapy water and clean the screen with a bristle brush to get rid of the residue.
  • Invest in a dryer lint brush.  These long-handled flexible brushes are available at most hardware stores and allow one to clean areas that cannot be reached by hand down inside of the dryer, hoses, and ducts.  You may be surprised by the chunks of lint that the brush pulls out.  After removing the lint filter and cleaning with the brush, run the dryer on “air only” after using the dryer brush.  This will bring up any lint that might have been dislodged but didn’t cling to the brush.
  • Unplug and pull the dryer out at least once a year and vacuum any dust and lint that might have accumulated around the dryer, back of the dryer, floor, cabinets, etc.  While the dryer is out, remove the duct hose or duct.  You may need a screwdriver or pliers to remove the connecting clip or steel clamp.  Use the dryer brush inside the dryer opening to remove the lint accumulation.  Do the same with the hose or duct.  If you have a long duct to the outside as I do, you will have to rig a longer handle onto the brush.
  • Replace the duct hose if you have a white or silver vinyl duct hose.  All building codes now require metal or aluminum ducting for clothes dryers.  The ducting may be rigid or flexible.  If flexible aluminum ducting is used, it should be cleaned more often as it tends to collect more lint along the ridges.
  • Lastly, clean the exterior vent.  This is usually done from the outside of the home by lifting the flaps.  Using your hands or a brush, removed as much lint as possible.  Most of the flaps on the exterior vent can be removed to make cleaning easier.  Replace the flaps if they have been removed and make sure that they open properly.
  • Avoid starting the dryer before going to bed or running it while no one is at home.

Dryer vent cleaning kits can be purchased at many hardware stores.  Made by various manufacturers, the kit includes a brush head attached to flexible plastic rods that fit into a power drill head.  A basic kit costs about $20; if you have a long vent, additional plastic rods can be purchased to extend the tool to the desired length.  Jeff Rosen of the Rosen Reports shows how the cleaning tool works.

A little dryer cleaning in a timely manner will greatly reduce the risk of fire.

Sources:
How to Prevent a Dryer Fire.  Consumer Reports.
Clothes Dryer Fire Safety.  US Fire Administration.org
Clothes Dryer Safety Tip Sheet. National Fire Protection Association.
Overheated Clothes Dryers Can Cause Fires.  US Consumer Product Safety Commission.

Reviewed and updated, 5/2024, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Glass Kitchenware Cautions

Marlene Geiger 6 Comments

Under the right circumstances, glass bakeware will shatter, crack, split and even explode when exposed to thermal shock. Thermal shock is when an object abruptly goes through a drastic temperature change causing it to fracture as it expands or contracts.

While glass bakeware and kitchenware is a healthier alternative to metal, it is not without limitations; like all glass, it can break.  Despite breaking as a possibility, glass is preferred because there are no hazardous materials to leach into food and it bakes more evenly.

Regardless of brand, “Pyrex” is the name consumers often use when referring to glass Pyrex®, Anchor Hocking, Bake King or other bakeware and kitchenware because it has been a trusted household name for decades.  Pyrex® was valued for years for its sturdiness and ability to withstand rapid, dramatic temperature changes that typically shatter normal glassware.  However, with changes in manufacturing, that old-fashioned reliability has changed with Pyrex as well as some other brands.

Pyrex (trademarked as PYREX) is a brand introduced by Corning Inc in 1915 for a line of clear, low-thermal-expansion borosilicate glass used for laboratory glassware and kitchenware.  It was later expanded to include clear and opal ware products made of soda-lime glass. In 1998, Corning sold the Pyrex brand name to World Kitchen LLC. World Kitchen stopped the manufacture of borosilicate glass and changed to less expensive, tempered soda-lime glass for kitchenware sold in the United States.  Tempered soda-lime glass does not handle heat as well as borosilicate glass but does withstand breakage when dropped better.  With some caution, tempered soda-lime glass withstands thermal shock reasonably well.  Anchor Hocking and Bake King products are also made from tempered soda-lime glass.  The OXO brand uses thermal shock resistant borosilicate glass in the manufacturer of its glass bakingware; the manufacturer’s information states that it can go from freezer to oven without the need to thaw.

To determine the kind of glass used in true Pyrex ware, look on the underside of the dish for these designations:

Trademark stamped into Pyrex® bakeware made with borosilicate glass by Corning

PYREX® (all UPPER CASE LETTERS plus, in the USA, a trademark notice comprising a capital R in a circle = low-thermal-expansion borosilicate glass either clear or opaque originally made by Corning Inc.  Scour estate auctions, thrift stores, antique stores, or purchase in Europe to acquire it.

Trademark for Pyrex® bakeware made from high-thermal-expansion soda-lime glass kitchenware made by World Kitchen.

pyrex® (all lower case letters plus a trademark notice comprising a capital R in a circle) = clear tempered high-thermal-expansion soda-lime glass kitchenware made by World Kitchen.

Mark stamped into Pyrex bakeware manufactured with borosilicate glassfor use in European manufactured by International Cookware.

PYREX (all UPPER CASE LETTERS in an encircled oval with no trademark notice with European country noted) = European license for use on borosilicate glass products manufactured by International Cookware.

Some precautions are necessary for modern-day tempered soda-lime kitchenware.  In 2010, Consumer Reports tested some Pyrex and found that taking the newer glass out of a hot oven and placing it on a wet granite countertop yielded poor results with the glass shattering almost instantly.  As a result of its investigation, Consumer Reports called on the Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC) to look into the problem of shattering bakeware.

Further, Consumer Reports issued ten precautions to consumers to minimize the chances of the glassware shattering:

  • Always place hot glassware on a dry, cloth potholder or towel.
  • Never use glassware for stovetop cooking or under a broiler.
  • Always allow the oven to fully preheat before placing the glassware in the oven.
  • Always cover the bottom of the dish with liquid before cooking meat or vegetables.
  • Don’t add liquid to hot glassware.
  • If you’re using the dish in a microwave, do not use browning elements, and avoid overheating oil and butter.
  • Do not take dishes directly from the freezer to the oven or vice versa.
  • Never place hot glassware directly on a countertop (or smooth top), metal surface, on a damp towel, in the sink, or on a cold or wet surface.
  • Inspect your dishes for chips, cracks, and scratches. Discard dishes with such damage.

As always, it is the consumer’s responsibility to read and save the manufacturer’s instructions for handling any product safely.  Without instructions, check for a stamped label on the bottom side of the baking dish. If in doubt, the precautions issued by Consumer Reports will suffice for all glass bakeware and kitchenware.

Reviewed and updated 5/2024, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Deicers–helpful or harmful?

Marlene Geiger 3 Comments
Bag of deicing product

Most deicing products readily available contain salt compounds known as magnesium chloride (used as a liquid on roads), sodium chloride (table salt), calcium chloride, and potassium chloride (fertilizer). Each winter these materials are applied to sidewalks, driveways, and steps to prevent slipping and falling.  However, they are often applied without regard to the substance, application, or the damage that they may cause to the home, property, environment, pets, and nearby plants.

As for mentioned, deicing products are primarily comprised of salt.  And just like household salt, all salts are not the same.  Salts can cause injury to trees, lawns, and shrubs, corrode metal and concrete, and even do bodily harm to pets and humans.  The most problematic element in any of the deicing products is the chloride; it causes corrosion and is toxic to plants.

Most of the popular de-icing products sold are chloride-based, each containing a different combination of salt. They include:

  • calcium chloride,
  • sodium chloride,
  • potassium chloride,
  • magnesium chloride.

Of these, the most commonly used is sodium chloride; it is widely available and least costly. It works at lower temperatures than other products and does not harm plants if excessive amounts are not applied.

This table from Purdue Extension gives valuable information about deicers:

Table of deicing products and product characteristics

While Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) is listed on the above table, it contains no chloride and is less damaging to cars, metals, and concrete and less toxic to plants. It is made from dolomitic limestone and acetic acid, the main compound found in vinegar. CMA works differently than other deicers; it does not form brine like salts, but rather helps prevent snow particles from sticking to each other. It has little effect on plant growth or concrete. It is also said to be biodegradable and pet and wildlife friendly. The big downside is the cost.

If you want to avoid deicing products, consider using sand, kitty litter, or chicken grit. While these products won’t melt snow, they will provide traction in slippery spots. Sand and kitty litter are safe for pets and plants and can be swept up when the snow melts. (Chicken grit may be too sharp for the paws of some pets but will not harm plants.)  Boots or shoes traversing any of these products should be removed upon entering a home as they could scratch floors.

Should the landscape fall victim to deicing, flushing the area around the plant roots in the spring with water will help to leech out the salts. Flushing may not be helpful if excessive salt has been used and plants and grass are found dead in the spring along deiced areas. Consider planting salt-tolerant plants in the landscape where deicer products may be used. For a list of landscape plants describing their tolerance to salt, visit Salt Damage in Landscape Plants by Purdue Extension.

The best advice is to know something about the substance (salts used in the product), consider the application, and then READ AND FOLLOW the manufacturer’s directions for applying the product to minimize damage to property and landscape.  And if possible, apply even less than is recommended.  Deicing products are not meant to replace shoveling or to melt all snow and ice, but to aid in removal efforts to prevent slipping and falling.

Sources:
Picking the Right Product is Key to Melting Ice From Sidewalks, Driveways, K-State Research and Extension News
Salt Damage in Landscape Plants, Purdue Extension
Ice Melts Can Help But Can Be Harmful, K-State Research and Extension
Using Deicing Salts in the Home Landscape, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Reviewed and updated 6/2024, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Preventing Package Theft

Marlene Geiger

Porch pirate caught on security camera
Porch pirate. Image by Marcia Steed.

One out of every 200 package deliveries were stolen from delivery points in 2023.  While it happens everyday, holiday deliveries are the biggest target for thieves or porch pirates leaving consumers with loss, frustration, and feeling violated.

Stopping Porch Pirates:  How to Keep Your Packages from Being Stolen by Consumer Reports offers some great suggestions for preventing theft as well as what to do should a theft occur.

Other options:

Some shippers allow a required signature at delivery so if no one is home the delivery service will take it back to it’s facility and try again later or let you come pick it up and sign for it.

Door bell cameras, motion sensors and internet-enabled security cameras have their benefits but the benefit is usually realized after the theft has been committed.  However, the images provided by the security devices will help with filing a police report.  While not a perfect solution, Porch Pirates Bags are a good deterrent.  If ordering from a retailer with a store front, have packages sent to the store for pick up.

It is incredibly frustrating and disheartening to have packages stolen.  Sadly, it is an unfortunate reality that every consumer needs to be concerned about.  It is possible to take steps to protect porch pirates from pirating your space.

Taking proactive measures to prevent package theft is becoming an essential part of modern home security. Simple steps, like requiring signatures for deliveries or scheduling packages for times when someone is home, can go a long way in minimizing risk.

Additionally, combining these practices with effective home security measures ensures an added layer of protection. For instance, rekeying your home can be a powerful way to enhance security, especially if you’ve recently moved or misplaced keys. By rekeying, you ensure that any old keys no longer work, reducing the chance of unauthorized access and making your property safer overall.

Security cameras and motion detectors also play a significant role in deterring theft, but they work best when part of a comprehensive security strategy. Whether it’s rekeying to secure entry points or installing high-tech systems to monitor activity, small investments in home protection can make a big difference. If you’re unsure about how rekeying works or why it’s so valuable, you can find more info here. By staying informed and combining these measures, you’ll be better equipped to keep your packages—and your home—safe from theft and unwanted intrusions.

Updated and reviewed 6/2024, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Personal Heating Appliances and Electric Blanket Safety

Marlene Geiger 12 Comments

Personal heating appliance (electric blanket)When chilly nights become the norm, warmer blankets, throws, and pads become our cozy companions.  If a that cozy companion is an electric personal heating appliance (blanket, throw, pad, mattress pad, foot warmer), it should be inspected, regardless of age, before snuggling up for the season to make sure that it is safe.

There are two types of personal heating appliances, heating pads that are placed directly on the mattress and electric blankets. Heating pads and electric blankets cause around 500 fires each year according to the Electrical Safety Foundation. Almost all of these fires involve electric blankets that are more than ten years old.  While older blankets are definitely a hazard, a newer blanket or pad, even one fresh out of the bag, could also be a safety risk.  Newer personal heating appliances present less of a safety risk for fire and burns as most include safety features such as a rheostat control and temperature sensors.  Despite these pads and blankets being safer, look for ones that are UL- or ETL-certified, and always turn off before going to sleep.

When inspecting an electrical personal heating appliance, the US Consumer Product Safety Commission recommends looking for cracks and breaks in wiring, plugs, and connectors.  Also look for dark, charred, or frayed spots on either side of the blanket or pad.  If the appliance shows any of these characteristics or is more than 10 years old, it should be thrown away—DO NOT DONATE. (If you want to keep the blanket for some other use like covering plants in the fall, throw away the control unit to render it non-electrical.) Older appliances (10 years plus) are more likely to be a hazard because most operate without a rheostat.  The rheostat found on most newer personal heating appliances controls heat by gauging both the appliance temperature and the user’s body temperature.  Lastly, check the Consumer Product Safety Commission website to make sure the appliance has not been recalled.

If a new personal heating appliance is to be purchased for self or as a gift, make sure it has been tested by and bears the label of a reputable testing laboratory such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL).  Be sure to read and follow the manufacturer’s directions.  If the directions don’t match your intended use, do not purchase.

Once the appliance is in use, keep these safety tips in mind:

Keep the blanket flat while in use.  Folds or bunched-up areas can create and trap too much heat.  This also includes tucking ends in which can cause excessive heat build-up.  A blanket is also best stored flat or rolled which puts less stress on the coils.

Keep everything and anything off of the blanket or pad.  This includes comforters/bedspreads, blankets, clothing, pets, and yourself.  No sleeping or lounging on top of the blanket either. Weight of any kind may cause the blanket to overheat.  Pet claws can cause punctures, rips, and tears which may expose or break the wiring and create shock and fire hazards.  If pets are a must, consider a low-voltage blanket.

Avoid washing or dry cleaning  Washing machines or cleaning solvents and appliances aren’t a given match.  Always follow the manufactures directions if cleaning is necessary and do not use the spin cycle.  There’s no guarantee that the internal coils in the appliance won’t get twisted or damaged or that the electrical circuitry will avoid damage in the laundry.  Some appliances come with removal covers so that washing of the appliance is not necessary.

Heat and then sleep.  If the appliance does not have a timer, turn it off before going to sleep.

Consider the bed.  Never use an electric blanket or other personal heating appliance on a waterbed or adjustable, hospital-style bed.

Mind the cords.  Avoid running cords under the mattress as this creates friction that can damage the cord or trap excess heat.  Do not plug the appliance into an extension cord or power strip as either could cause the appliance to overheat.

Do not use more than one appliance at a time.  Blankets and pads are not meant to be used interchangeably or at the same time.

Electric personal heating appliances are great cozy companions but they need to be respected and used with care.  Today’s electric personal heating appliances are safer and more energy efficient than those of the past. Many of the safety innovations were developed as Underwriters Laboratories, an independent product-safety testing organization, pushed for stricter safety standards for all personal heating appliances, including warnings on the instructions.  With respect and care, these cozy companions are perfect for deflecting cold rooms and beds.

Reviewed and updated, 6-2024, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Beware of Halloween Decoration Dangers

Marlene Geiger 2 Comments

Assorted fall and Halloween decorations at a store. ‘Tis the season to be scary . . . fa, la, la, la, la, la, la . . .

Halloween has become as festive as Christmas with string of lights, blow up decorations, animated displays, fog machines, and other electric-powered decorations.  Any and all create a scare-worthy porch or yard for any trick-or-treaters that dare to ring the doorbell.  But like Christmas decorations, Halloween decorations can be a source of dangers that could spoil the holiday that is suppose to be fun.  Remember a safe celebration is the best celebration.

In addition to festive outdoor decorations, it’s also a great time to think about how you can add a touch of seasonal flair indoors. For example, consider incorporating art prints that capture the spooky spirit of Halloween, or even some unique bathroom art that can bring a playful and eerie vibe to your space. A carefully curated piece can add a creative touch to your home decor while keeping the festive mood alive throughout the season.

So as Halloween decorating approaches, here’s some safety tips from Safe Electricity to make sure Halloween is safe and fun for all:

  • Carefully inspect decorations that have been stored for cracking, fraying or bare wires.  Do not use if any of these problems are found as they may cause a shock or start a fire.
  • When replacing or purchasing decorations or cords, make sure they are Underwriters Laboratory (UL) approved and marked for outdoor use.
  • Unless specifically indicated, keep electrical decorations out of water or wet areas.
  • Be mindful of extension cords.  They should not run through water on the ground.  Use only cords rated for outdoor use.
  • Don’t overload plugs or extension cords.  Be sure to use a big enough gauge extension cord to handle the decoration wattage without getting hot.
  • Use insulated staples to hold strings of lights or cords in place.  Fasten securely.
  • Plug outdoor lights and decorations into GFCI outlets (ground fault circuit interrupters).
  • Keep cords away from walkways or anyplace where they may be a potential tripping hazard or entanglement hazard for pets.
  • Consider using a timer to have decorations or lights on for a specified amount of time.  Turn them off while away from the home and before going to bed.

By following basic electrical safety guidelines, you will  avoid real scares or dangerous tricks and keep Halloween a fun and safe event.  Get more safety tips at SafeElectricity.org.

Reviewed 6/2024, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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Medicine Cabinet Clean Out

Marlene Geiger

Has it been a while since you cleaned out your medicine cabinet or anywhere medicines are stored? Most experts recommend that your medicine cabinet or medicine storage spot be cleaned out annually to discard medications that have expired or could be medically unsafe.

Hanging onto or accumulating outdated or unused medications beyond their expiration date, with the idea that they might come in handy one day, can be risky business.  Expired medications can lose their potency, change in composition and even becoming toxic.  Further, by keeping them, chances are increased of abuse, misuse, or taking the wrong one. Failing to safely dispose of old medications, especially opioids, all too often leads to dangerous drugs ending up in the wrong hands. The CDC reports that 50,000 young children end up in emergency rooms each year because they got into medicines while an adult wasn’t looking.1

Avoid these risks with timely cleaning and disposal of unused or outdated medicines, prescriptions and over-the-counter (OTC), and medical supplies using these tips from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA):

Check the expiration dates.

Since 1979, all prescription drugs and OTC medications and products have an expiration date somewhere on the label or stamped onto the bottle, tube, or carton  This is the final date that the manufacturer guarantees the full potency and safety of the drug or product based upon testing.   For best efficacy, the medication should be stored properly–usually, in a cool, dry location–or as indicated on the package or label.

Examine everything in the medicine cabinet, including ointments, supplements and vitamins. Discard any item that is beyond the expiration date and any prescription medications that are more than a year old. It is important to note that the expiration date refers to an unopened product.  Once a medication has been opened and used, the clock starts ticking on its shelf life as contamination has been introduced.  Writing the date of opening on the container is helpful;  opened or partially used products should be discarded after one year of opening regardless of the expiration date.   Also look for items that have changed color, smell funny, without a label or in an unmarked container, or cannot be identified.  Medications should always be kept in their original containers so that they are easily recognized. This includes ointments, since these can easily be mistaken for creams. All of these items should be discarded without question.

Inspect adhesive bandages, too. Bandages and tapes have a limited lifespan and should be replaced before their adhesive breaks down.

Dispose safely.

The best way to dispose of most types of unused or expired medicines (both prescription and OTC) is to drop the medicine at a drug take back location. These drop off locations may be a police station, authorized pharmacy, or hospital.  There you may find a kiosk.  The kiosks provide a safe and convenient way to dispose of unwanted, unused or expired prescriptions, including controlled substances, and over-the-counter medications, ointments and creams, liquids, lotions, pet medications, prescription patches, and vitamins and supplements free and anonymously.  To find a drop-off location near by, use the find an authorized drug collection site or call the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Call Center at 1-800-882-9539.  Certain medications or items are not accepted at the kiosks including needles, inhalers, aerosol cans, hydrogen peroxide, thermometers, and illicit drugs.

If you cannot get to a drug take back location or there is none near you, the medication maybe flushed or disposed in the trash using important guidelines.  Check the FDA flush list to see if the medicine is on the list.  Medicines on the list are those that are sought after for their misuse and/or abuse potential and  can result in death from one dose if taken inappropriately.  If the medication is on the flush list, it is safe to flush down the toilet.  Do not flush a medicine if it is not on the flush list. 

If the medicine is not on the flush list  and there are no specific disposal instructions with the medication or package insert, follow these steps to dispose of medicine in the household trash:

Disposal in household trash
  1. Mix medicines (liquid or pills; do not crush tablets or capsules) with an unappealing substance such as dirt, cat litter, or used coffee grounds;
  2. Place the mixture in a container such as a sealed plastic bag;
  3. Throw the container in the trash at home; and
  4. Delete all personal information on the prescription label, including the RX number, of empty medicine bottles or medicine packaging, then trash or recycle the empty bottle or packaging.2 Containers should be clean if recycled.

For more information on safe disposal, check out the FDA YouTube video.

Most collection sites will not accept asthma inhalers, needles, insulin syringes or any other syringes, marijuana, mercury thermometers, and medications containing iodine. For disposal information and drop-off locations for syringes, needles, and other injectables go to Safe Needle Disposal or call 800-643-1643.  When in doubt about how to safely dispose of a medical device, check with your pharmacist.

Relocate the medicine cabinet or storage, if necessary. 

The bathroom is not the best place to store medication. The temperature and humidity changes that come with the shower running can lower the potency of some medicines. Medications should be kept in a cool dry place, away from children, pets, and scavengers. Consider a locked drawer or a locked box on a shelf.

It is smart to undertake an annual medicine cabinet cleaning.  An annual review of prescriptions, over-the-counter medicines, and medical products can help keep us safe and healthy. Using an old product won’t necessarily land you in the ER, but it could or it may not work effectively thereby wasting you money, affecting your health, or possibly delaying your recovery. Further, if the medicine isn’t on the shelf, it can’t be accidently used, incorrectly used, or abused.  And, always consider the disposal options and dispose appropriately and responsibly.

_____________________
Sources:

1 Don’t Be Tempted to Use Expired Medicines.  Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
2 Drug Disposal:  Dispose “Non-Flush List” Medicine in Trash.  Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Images:  Canva.com, Marlene Geiger, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Updated 12-2023, mg. Reviewed 3/2025, mg.

Marlene Geiger

I am a graduate of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a BS in Home Economics Education and Extension and from Colorado State University with a MS in Textiles and Clothing. I enjoy spending time with family and friends, gardening, quilting, cooking, sewing, and sharing knowledge and experience with others.

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